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International Workshop on Alternative Methods to Reduce, Refine, and Replace the Use of Animals in Vaccine Potency and Safety Testing:
State of the Science and Future Directions

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Workshop Presentations

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Please note: Some of the presentations are large files that may take several minutes to download or open, depending on your connection speed.

Welcoming Remarks and Workshop Introduction [PDF]
William Stokes, D.V.M., RADM, USPHS, NICEATM

Session 1: Overview of Public Health Needs and Regulatory Requirements for Vaccine Safety and Potency Testing

  • History and Overview of Human Vaccines and Their Importance to Public Health [PDF]
    Anne Schuchat, M.D., RADM, USPHS, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Veterinary Vaccines and Their Importance to Animal Health and Public Health [PDF]
    James Roth, D.V.M., Ph.D., College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University
  • U.S. FDA Requirements for Human Vaccine Safety and Potency Testing [PDF]
    Theresa Finn, Ph.D., Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. FDA
  • Veterinary Biologics in the U.S.: Strategies to Reduce, Refine, and Replace Animal Use [PDF]
    Richard Hill, U.S. Department of Agriculture
  • International Regulatory Requirements for Vaccine Safety and Potency Testing: Roundtable Discussion
    • Health Canada’s Human Vaccine Lot Release Program [PDF]
      Richard Isbrucker, Ph.D., Health Canada, Canada
    • European Regulatory Requirements for Vaccine Safety and Potency Testing [PDF]
      Ralph Woodland, Ph.D., Veterinary Medicines Directorate, United Kingdom
    • Strategic Approaches for Developing Alternative Tests for Vaccine Safety and Potency (Japan) [PDF]
      Yoshinobu Horiuchi, Ph.D., Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, Japan
    • International Regulatory Requirements for Vaccine Safety and Potency Testing: A WHO Perspective [PDF]
      Jinho Shin, World Health Organization
    • U.S. FDA
      Theresa Finn, Ph.D., Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. FDA.
    • USDA
      Richard E. Hill Jr., D.V.M., Center for Veterinary Biologics, USDA

Session 2: Replacement Methods for Vaccine Potency Testing: Current State of the Science and Knowledge Gaps

  • Overview of Currently Approved Veterinary Vaccine Potency Testing Methods and Methods in Development that Do Not Require Animal Use [PDF]
    Hans Draayer, M.Sc., Pfizer Animal Health
  • Case Study of Development, Validation, and Acceptance of a Non-Animal Method for Assessing Veterinary Vaccine Potency [PDF]
    Ivo Claassen, Ph.D., Central Veterinary Institute, The Netherlands
  • Overview of Currently Approved Human Vaccine Potency Test Methods that Do Not Require Animal Use: Release Testing of Polysaccharide Based Vaccines [PDF]
    Willie Vann, Ph.D., Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. FDA
  • Overview of the Current Status of Human Vaccine Potency Test Methods in Development That May Replace Animals [PDF]
    Robin Levis, Ph.D., Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. FDA
  • Lessons from the past: Development, Validation and Acceptance of a Non-animal Method for Assessing Human Vaccine Potency — Case Study of Hepatitis B Vaccine [PDF]
    Johan Descamps, Ph.D., GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Belgium

Session 3: Animal Use for Vaccine Potency Testing: Refinement and Reduction Alternatives

Session 3A: Refinement Alternatives: Using Serological Methods to Avoid Challenge Testing

  • Overview of Currently Approved Serological Methods with a Focus on Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoid Potency Testing [PDF]
    James Keller, Ph.D., Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. FDA
  • Refinement Alternatives for Veterinary Vaccine Potency Testing: Overview of Currently Approved Serological Methods [PDF]
    Geetha Srinivas, D.V.M., Ph.D., Center for Veterinary Biologics, USDA
  • Animal Refinement and Reduction Alternative Approaches for Vaccine Potency Testing of Diphtheria and Tetanus Vaccines
    Dorothea Sesardic, Ph.D., National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, United Kingdom
    Note: At the speaker's request, this presentation is not available for public viewing and/or distribution. We apologize for the inconvenience.
  • Development and Validation of Serological Methods for Human Vaccine Potency Testing: Case Study of an Anthrax Vaccine [PDF]
    Juan Arciniega, D.Sc., Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. FDA
  • Development and Validation of Serological Methods for Veterinary Vaccine Potency Testing: Case Study of a Veterinary Vaccine [PDF]
    Jeffrey Galvin, Ph.D., Pfizer Animal Health

Session 3B: Using Earlier Humane Endpoints to Avoid or Minimize Animal Pain and Distress in Vaccine Potency Challenge Testing

  • Humane Endpoints in Vaccine Potency Testing
    Coenraad Hendriksen, D.V.M., Ph.D., Netherlands Vaccine Institute, The Netherlands
    Note: This presentation is not available for public viewing and/or distribution. We apologize for the inconvenience.

Session 3C: Reduction Alternatives: Strategies to Further Reduce Animal Numbers for Vaccine Potency Testing

  • Overview of Reduction Methods Currently Available or in Development for Vaccine Potency Testing [PDF]
    Jodie Kulpa-Eddy, D.V.M., Animal & Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA
  • Application of the Consistency Approach for Reducing Animal Use in Vaccine Potency Testing [PDF]
    Jodie Kulpa-Eddy, D.V.M., Animal & Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA

Session 4: Vaccine Safety Testing: Post-Licensing Reduction, Refinement, and Replacement Methods and Strategies

  • Human Vaccine Post-Licensing Safety Testing: Overview of Current Regulatory Requirements and Accepted Alternatives [PDF]
    Theresa Finn, Ph.D., Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. FDA
  • Veterinary Vaccine Post-Licensing Safety Testing: Overview of Current Regulatory Requirements and Accepted Alternatives [PDF]
    Glen Gifford, D.V.M., M.Sc., Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Canada
  • Target Alternative Vaccine Safety Testing Strategies for Pertussis Toxin [PDF]
    Juan Arciniega, D.Sc., Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. FDA
  • Current Research and Development Activities Directed Toward Replacement of the Neurovirulence Test in Vaccine Safety Testing [PDF]
    Steven Rubin, Ph.D., Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. FDA

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